Masters

Ten who lived it

Not a pantheon and not a ranking. Ten people from the last two centuries who took the old texts seriously enough to be changed by them, and who left instructions. Where they disagree with one another—and they do—we keep the disagreement.

Belur Math on the Hooghly — unknown, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Sri Aurobindo
Sri Aurobindo1872 – 1950 · Integral Yoga

Held that evolution is not finished: consciousness is still climbing, and a human being can consciously take part in the climb.

The Mother
The Mother1878 – 1973 · Integral Yoga

Ran an ashram of thousands for fifty years and insisted that work, done in the right spirit, is a faster path than meditation.

Sri Ramakrishna
Sri Ramakrishna1836 – 1886 · Bhakti · Harmony of religions

Practised Tantra, Vaishnavism, Advaita, Islam and Christianity in turn, and reported reaching the same Reality by each road.

Sri Sarada Devi
Sri Sarada Devi1853 – 1920 · Bhakti · Universal motherhood

Taught almost nothing in words and everything by relation: mother to every being, without exception and without condition.

Swami Vivekananda
Swami Vivekananda1863 – 1902 · Practical Vedanta · The four yogas

If the Self in every being is divine, it must show in how you treat a labourer. Otherwise it is talk.

Kanchi Maha Periyava
Kanchi Maha Periyava1894 – 1994 · Advaita Vedanta · Vedic dharma

Sixty-eight years as pontiff, walked the length of India on foot, and taught the whole of dharma in the plainest Tamil.

Mahakavi Bharathiyar
Mahakavi Bharathiyar1882 – 1921 · Shakti · Freedom · Universal humanity

Died at thirty-eight, poor and mostly unread; his poems are now sung by every Tamil child and were the first literary works nationalised in India.

Neem Karoli Baba
Neem Karoli Babac. 1900 – 1973 · Bhakti · Hanuman · Service

Left no doctrine, no book and no method — only a blanket, a Hanuman temple, and the instruction to love everyone, serve everyone, remember God.

Shirdi Sai Baba
Shirdi Sai Babac. 1838 – 1918 · Faith and patience · Hindu–Muslim unity

Lived sixty years in a ruined mosque he named after Krishna's city, kept a fire always burning, and asked visitors for two coins: faith and patience.

Paramahansa Yogananda
Paramahansa Yogananda1893 – 1952 · Kriya Yoga

Author of Autobiography of a Yogi, the book that introduced more Westerners to Indian spirituality than any other.


A note on names. Sri Annai, “the Holy Mother” in Tamil usage, is Sri Sarada Devi. Maha Periyava is Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswati, the 68th Shankaracharya of Kanchi. Sai Baba here is Sai Baba of Shirdi (d. 1918). The Mother is Mirra Alfassa of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram.